题目：The Environment and Directed Technical Change
作者：Daron Acemoglu,Philippe Aghion,Leonardo BursztynandDavid Hemous
文献出处：American Economic Review, 102(1), 2012: 131 - 166.
主讲人：张兵兵博士
时间：2019年6月20日09：30-11：30
地点：浙江财经大学16877太阳集团安全入口1号楼302室
主办单位：浙江财经大学现代公共经济学研究中心
内容摘要：This paper introduces endogenous and directed technical change in a growth model with environmental constraints. The final good is produced from “dirty” and “clean” inputs. We show that: (i) when inputs are sufficiently substitutable, sustainable growth can be achieved with temporary taxes/subsidies that redirect innovation toward clean inputs; (ii) optimal policy involves both “carbon taxes” and research subsidies, avoiding excessive use of carbon taxes; (iii) delay in intervention is costly, as it later necessitates a longer transition phase with slow growth; and (iv) use of an exhaustible resource in dirty input production helps the switch to clean innovation under laissez-faire.
本文介绍了环境约束下增长模型中的内生及偏向性技术改变。最终产品由“非清洁”与“清洁”投入品共同生产得到。结果表明：（1）当投入品具有足够的可替代性时，通过短期的税收或补贴政策引导偏向清洁部门的创新能够实现可持续增长；（2）最优政策需要同时包括“碳税”和研发补贴，要避免过度使用碳税政策；（3）延迟干预的成本高昂，因为这使得进入下一个阶段花费的低速增长的时间变得更长，（4）在非清洁投入品生产过程中使用可耗竭资源有助于创新向清洁部门的转变。
